Intake manifold for internal-combustion engines



Feb. 7, 1928. 1,658,477

. A. D. CHANDLER INTAKE MANIFOLD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 26. 1924 I). 9 e @e PATENT OFFICE.

AQ'UILA D. CHANDLER, OI CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. I,

INTAKE MANIFOLD FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGIRES.

Application filed December 26, 1924. Serial No. 757,981.

My invention relates to intake manifolds for internal combustion engines. ent manifold is primaril designed for six cylinder engines, althoug the essential fea- I tures of the invention have applicatlon to 1ntake manifolds ingeneral.

One of the largest sources of power loss in a six cylinder engine is poor distribut on of mixture suppliy between the several cylinders; In the or inary type of intake manlfold the inrushof mixture to certain of the cylinders has the tendency to rob other portions of the manifold and to create disturbing counter-currents and surges which retard 1B the subsequent flow of mixture to the other cylinders. Thus; certain cylinders will receive an ample or over-abundant proportion of the mixture supply at the expense of other c linders in the engine, and in consequence 2 these latter cylinders will operate at a low eificiency and the power impulses of the several cylinders will be uneven. This 1s the principal reason wh six cylinder engines frequently fail to de iver the pro ortionate increase in power expected over our cylinder engines.

The fundamental object of the resent invention is to provide a manifol in which substantially uniform distribution will be had between the several cylinders and in which disturbing counter-currents and surges will be reduced to a minimum.

Other objects will be apparent from the following description taken in connection as with the accompanying drawing illustrating the preferred embodiment of my invention. In t is drawing:

Figure 1'is a horizontal sectional view of the manifold, the engine to which it is con- 10 nected being illustrated more or less diagrammatically;

Figure 2 is a manifold; and

Figure 3 is an enlar sectional view taken transversely throng the center of the manifold substantially on the plane of the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

The manifold constituting the present invention is indicated at 7, being connected to a six cylinder engine indicated at 8. The engine c linders are numbered 1 to 6, inclusive, e firsttwo cylinders bemg supplied throu h an end port 9, the two intermediate cylin ers being supphed through a central I port 11, and the two other end cylinders bemg suppli' (1 through another end port 12.

front elevational view of the The pres- These supply ports in the side of the cylinder block or blocks communicate with the usual valve pockets 14 in which operate the intake valves 15. The foregoing three port arrangement is typical of practically all six cylinder engines.

The manifold comprises a main conduit or channel 16, the ends of which curve into end branches 17-17, which connect with the end ports 9 and 12, respectively. Leading from the central part of the main conduit 16 is a central branch connection 18 which connects to the central port 11. It will be observed from Figures 2 and 3 that the end branch connections 17-17 and the central branch connection 18 all slope downwardly below the plane of the main portion of the manifold. This insures the discharge of condensation accumulating on the walls of the manifold to the engine ports.

These three branch connections 17-17 and 18 are all of substantially the same internal diameter so that they all have substantially the same resistance to flow of the mixture.

Extending1 parallel with the intermediate portion of t e main channel 16 and in substantially the same horizontal plane therewith is a distributing conduit or channel 21 which is preferably formed integral with the main channel 16. This distributing channel 21 receives the mixture from the carburetor, and for a vertical type of carburetor this channel would be provided with a downwardly extending carburetor inlet 22 (Fig. 8) having a conventional bolting flange 23 around its lower edge for attaching the carburetor. A typical carburetor, re resentetive of any pre erred design or ma e, is indicated at 24.

The ends of the distributing channel 21 open into the outer side of the main channel 16 through openings 25-25 which are located intermediate the respective end branches 17 and the central branch connection 18. The baflle or wall 26 which separates the distributing channel from the main channel has a central 0 ening 27 of somewhat restricted diameter w ich connects the two channels in line with the central branch connection 18.

The distributing channel 21 has an internal diameter d which is preferably of the same diameter as the internal diameter d of the main channel and the internal diameter d of the central branch connection 18. From the openings 25-25 inwardly towards the central branch connection 18, the wall of the main channel and the separating baflle or wall 26 are formed of greater sectional thickness to restrict the passageways 28 leading to the central branch connection, the diameters of these passageways being indicated by at. As illustrative of the general proportions which may be used for these passageways, one design of my improved manifold has diameters d, d and (Z of two inches, and diameter d of one and one-half inches. In this same design the central connecting opening 27 has a diameter of approximately one inch.

It will thus be evident that when one of the end cylinders 12 or 5-6 makes an intake stroke, the path of least resistance from the carburetor 24 to that particular cylinder will be along the line of the direction arrow, ac or w throu h the distributing channel and through t e outer ends of the main channel. This line of flow is through a passageway which is of substantially uniform diameter throughout. Because 0 the construction d in the passageways 28, there will be a very slight tendency for the sudden inrush of mixture to one of these end cylinders from robbing the opposite end or the central branch of the manifold; i. e., from creating a counter-current or surge in either of these portions which might deplete the su ply of mixture in these ortious or retard t e subsequent forward ow in these portions of the manifold.

When one of the central cylinders 3 or 4 makes a suction stroke, the major portion of the mixture flow is around the ends of the separating wall or baflle 26, as indicated by the direction arrows y' It will be noted that each path 3 and 3 is of very nearly the same length as the path so and w to the corresponding end cylinder. Thus the length of path from the carburetor to each of the six c linders is substantially the same. Because t e mixture stream is divided and taken into the central branch through two paths, the restricting diameters d will not diminish the desired volume of mixture to be delivered to this central branch 18, the aggregate area of these two passageways being ample to supply all of the mixture required. Furthermore, the small openin 27 forms a su plementary ath for a. sma ler portion of tiie charge whic may be carried direct to the central branch connection 18. By drawing its supply from both directions through the restricting diameters d, the central branch .18 transmits a relatively smaller suction to the end portions of the main channel 16, and thus an tendency to rob these end portions is great y diminished.

I do not intend to be limited to the particular details and proportions herein shown and described, except as they are specifically set forth in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In an intake manifold, a main conduit, end branches leading therefrom for connection to the end cylinders, a central branch leading therefrom for connection to the two middle cylinders, a distributing conduit, a wall separating said conduits, said distributing conduit communicating with said main conduit around the ends of said wall, and restrictin areas in said main conduit intermediate t e ends of said wall, the proportion of said restricting areas to the area of said main conduit being substantially in the ratio of one and one-half to two.

2. In an intake manifold, a main conduit, end branches leading therefrom for connection to the end cylinders, a central branch leading therefrom for connection to the two middle cylinders, a distributing conduit, a wall separating said conduits, said distributing conduit communicating with said main conduit around the ends of said wall, restricting diameters in said main conduit intermediate the ends of said wall and an olpenin in said wall intermediate the ends t ereo for connecting said conduits, the combined areas ofsaid restricting diameters and said latter opening being substantially equal to the efi'ective area of said central branch.

3. In an intake manifold, a main conduit, end branches leading therefrom for connection to the end cylinders, a central branch leading therefrom for connection to the two middle cylinders, said central branch being of substantially the same efi'ective area as each of said end branches, a distributing conduit having a mixture inlet, a wall se arating said conduits, the said distributing conduit communicatmg with said main conduit around the ends of said wall and through an opening 27 in said wall, and

restricting diameters d in said main conduit intermediate each end of said wall and said central branch, the combined areas of said restricting diameters d and said opening 27 being substantially equal to the effective area cl of said central branch.

4. In an intake manifold, a main conduit,

end branches for connection to the end cylinders, a central branch for connection to the middle cylinders, a distributin conduit having connection with said mam conduit at points intermediate said end branches and said central branch, a wall separating said conduits, and restrictions in said main conduit intermediate the ends of said wall.

5. In an intake manifold, a main conduit, end branches leading therefrom for connection to the end cylinders, a distributing conduit, a wall se aratin said conduits, openin atthe en s of said wall for connecting said distributing conduit to said main conduit, a central branch leadin from said main conduit intermediate said openings,

and restrictin diameters in said main conduit intermediate the ends of said wall.

6. In an intake manifold, a main conduit, end branches leading therefrom for connection to the end cylinders, a central branch leading therefrom for connection to the two middle cylinders, a distributing conduit, a wall separating said conduits, said distributing conduit communicating with said main conduit, around the ends of said wall, that section of the main conduit which is in communication with said central branch being of reduced diameter intermediate the ends of said wall.

7. In an intake manifold, a main conduit, end branches leading therefrom for connection to the end cylinders, a central branch leading therefrom for connection to the two middle cylinders, a distributing conduit, a wall separating said conduits, said distributing conduit communicating with said main conduit around the ends of said wall, that section of the main conduit which is in communication with said central branch being of less diameter throughout its extent than said distributing conduit.

8. In an intake manifold, a main condui end branches leading therefrom for connection to the end cylinders, a distributing conduit, a wall separating said conduits, openings at the ends of said wall connecting said conduits, a central branch connection leading from said main conduit intermediate said openings, restricting diameters in said main conduit intermediate said openings and said central branch connections, and a third opening in said wall between the ends thereof for connecting said conduits.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 6th day of December, 1924.

AQUILA D. CHANDLER.

and restricting diameters in said main conduit intermediate the ends of said wall.

6. In an intake manifold, a main conduit, end branches leading therefrom for connection to the end cylinders, a central branch leading therefrom for connection to the two middle cylinders, a distributing conduit, a wall separating said conduits, said distributing conduit communicating with said main conduit around the ends of said wall, that section of the main conduit which is in communication with said central branch being of reduced diameter intermediate the ends of said wall. I

7. In an intake manifold, a main conduit, end branches leading therefrom for connection to the end cylinders, a central branch leading therefrom for connection to the two middle cylinders, a distributing conduit, a wall separating said conduits, said distributing conduit communicating with said main conduit around the ends of said wall, that section of the main conduit which is in communication with said central branch being of less diameter throughout its extent than said distributing conduit.

8. In an intake manifold, a main conduit, end branches leading therefrom for connection to the end cylinders, a distributing conduit, a wall separating said conduits, openings at the ends of said wall connecting said conduits, a central branch connection leading from said main conduit intermediate said openings, restricting diameters in said main conduit intermediate said openings and said central branch connections, and a third opening in said wall between the ends thereof for connecting said conduits.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 6th day of December, 1924.

AQUILA D. CHANDLER.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,658, 477.

Granted February 7, 1928, to

AQUILA D. CHANDLER.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 24, for the word "construction" read "constriction"; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 13m day of March, A. o. 1928.

Seal.

, M. J. Moore, Acting Commissioner of Patents.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,658,477. Granted February 7, 1928, to

AQUILA D. CHANDLER.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Pzige 2, line 24, for the word "construction" read "constriction"; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 13th day of March, A. D. 1928.

M. J. Moore,

Seal. Acting Gomrnissioner of Patents. 

